Biology Project Report on HIV A.I.D.S. 2017

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Biology Project Report on HIV A.I.D.S. 2017

Project Report on HIV A.I.D.S.
INTRODUCTION OF HIV AIDS

What is AIDS ?

This is Project Report on HIV AIDS. Definition : Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome. It is a virus sickness. AIDS cannot be in comparison to disease like malaria and cholera which claim greater stay in u . S . Presently. It has a more impact than other ailment. The treatment alternatives are still inside the initial stages and are prohibitively highly-priced. There are times of quacks taking benefit of the scenario. This has compounded the misery of AIDS sufferers.

History of HIV AIDS:

It turned into first observed in USA in 1981. The American and French scientist independently recognized the AIDS virus 1984. The virus first named as HCLV III ( Human cellular leukemia virus III). The call (Human cellular leukemia deficiency virus) is now preferred. It now appears that HIV first exceeded into human from chimpanzees by way of consuming butchered chimps. 10% of the humans, who get AIDS virus infection, truely develop complete blown AIDS.

Causes of AIDS

The foremost reasons of AIDS is a sickness of cellular mediated immune machine of the body. The ailment is characterized by a reduction inside the range of helper. T-cell which stimulate antibody production by means of B-cells. This result in the loss of herbal defense towards viral contamination.

Transmission of AIDS Virus

It is only transmitted by means of a direct touch of inflamed cells – containing blood of patient to the blood of a wholesome person as in –

1) Sexual intercourse with an inflamed companion if there’s tissue harm to permit blood contact.

2) Use of contaminated needles and syringes to inject capsules or vaccines.

3) Use of infected razors, needles for uninteresting pinnae.

Four) Transfusion of infected blood or blood product.

Five) Organ transplant.

6) Artificial insemination.

7) Parturition from mom to toddler due to rupturing of blood vessels.

Project on Other Diseases :

Project Report Human Diseases

Project Report Ebola Virus

Note : The sexual of transmission account for over 75% of infections.

AIDS isn’t always a contagious disease. It does no longer unfold by means of casual touch, which include handshake , frame touch in crowded places, operating or gambling together , sharing garments , consuming food cooked through infected character, the use of same bathroom, swimming swimming pools. It is likewise no longer and ribovirin seem maximum promising. A capsules named zide vuidine prolongs the lifestyles of many AIDS affected person. However some patients AIDS virus have already mutated to zidovudine resistant paperwork.
INTRODUCTION OF AIDS VIRUS

It is one hundred to one hundred forty nm. In diameter and has a cylindrical core. It is located in blood and semen and to a lesser quantity in milk tears and saliva. It is a retrovirus, i.E. Its genetic cloth is – RNA (single stranded linear) that may make a DNA replica of itself with the assist of the reverse transcriptase enzyme. The virus bind in particular to a floor receptor on a helper T-cell and introduce its RNA and reverse transcriptase enzyme into the cells here it multiplies and the discharge of recent virus destroys the mobile. AIDS takes place when the helper T-cell falls too low to fight the sickness.
Screening Test of AIDS

AIDS Patient commonly have circulating antibodies which can be detected. In many countries this check is finished as a routine on blood, donor, screening may additionally prove dangerous to victims. Persons located to be HIV high-quality emerge as depressed and suicidal and are denied insurance, evicted from their homes, fired from their jobs simplest a small minority of such folks are probable to broaden full blown AIDS. However the inflamed persons may also spread contamination to others.
Today ‘ELISA’ test is done become aware of this pandemic sickness (AIDS).

Manifestation of AIDS

Manifestation :- It can appear in important methods –
i) Maligent tumours in connective tissue

ii) Viral, bacterial, protozoan and fungalin-fection of any machine of the frame. There are destruction of WBC’S, harm to mind,. Unexplained fever, unexplained loss of appetite, unexplained loss weight over a short time, persistent diarrhea, cough, night sweats, growth of lymph glands, shortness of breath, weak point.

AIDS Treatment :- Medical treatment of AIDS encompass :
i) Antiviral remedy against the causative agent

ii) Immuno simulative therapy to growth the quantity of resistance – presenting cells in the frame or each. However no precise treatment has been found to this point and the mortality form AIDS is truely 100%. A victim of full blown AIDS dies with in three 12 months from contamination of many capsules tried, azithmidine transmitted by way of blood sucking insects along with mosquitoes, AIDS virus has been observed in urine, tears saliva, breast milk and vaginal secretions, but is seems now not to transmitted with the aid of those fluids until it gets a reduce.

PREVENTIONS FROM AIDS
Following steps might also assist in controlling this dreaded sickness.

I) People especially those in excessive chance group must be knowledgeable about AIDS transmission.

Ii) High threat institution ought to chorus from blood donation.

Iii) Disposable needles and syringes need to be used.

Iv) Sexual conduct ought to changed right away.

V) Before receiving blood, ensure that it has been screened for HIV.

Vi) Routine screening may be executed in

a) Blood Donors,

b) Organ Donors

c) Donors of semen and growth hormone,

d) Patient receiving haemodialysis

e) Females in excessive chance organization, Who are pregnant or considering being pregnant.

Chastity, existence lengthy monogamy, and a clean needle for every injection are the only ways to prevents the unfold of AIDS. These degree will be triumphant best in folks no longer already infected.

Major reasons & steps to save you it

Reasons of spreading AIDS amongst global human beings

More than 90% of the inflamed folks are belong to developing nations.

REASONS :-

(i) Low-degree of socio-financial development.

(ii) Low fitness consciousness and centers

(iii) A growing unmarried children populace due to behind schedule marriage

(iv) High fee of labour migration.

(v) Low stage of literacy amongst excessive-risk corporations.

(vi)High prevalence of sexuality transmitted diseases and reproductive tract infections amongst males and females.

Steps taken to save you the spreading of AIDS :

(i) National AIDS programme of south East Asian nations are beginning to yield encouraging consequences. The one hundred% condom use programme in Thailand and the Sonagachi task in Calcutta, a version peer education programme amongst intercourse employees, have helped carry down AIDS contamination and also decreased the incidence of STD.

(ii) Non-government businesses have added Baptist hobby litigations against such cases of discrimination and the courts have said the rights of such peoples. This has helped alleviate the misery of affected individuals.

CONCLUSION

After reading the reason and effects of ‘AIDS’ from one-of-a-kind views, we finish that it’s far a plague sickness. It is especially spreading sexually and person of the age organization of 25-45 years are the maximum affected group. There are a few strategies like ‘Antiviral Therapy’ and Immuno Stimulative remedy which carry a few desire that even then no unique remedy has been determined so for and morality shape is absolutely 100%. So only prevention within the test medication care.
OBSERVATION

AIDS immersed as pandemic disorder. It is nondurable. It is more common in developing countries. Now each day a thousand peoples are going to grow to be HIV infected in world. This is specifically due to blood transfusion & Sexual touch. In whole world approximately three crore 30 lakhs people are HIV +ve & in India 3 lakh 70 heaps are HIV +ve. The number of HIV +ve people are better in Tamilnadu Bombay, Calcutta and Kerala and Manipur.
PROBLEMS FOR PATIENT
AIDS motive disorder of Immune gadget of body. The HIV cause harm to T & B mobile. Thus this is becoming a threatening hassle of nowadays and of future.
HYPOTHESIS

AIDS is non curable because of its nature of pathogen. It additionally damage immune gadget of the body. Therefore any medicine (Antiviral) pills aren’t effective in opposition to HIV virus. Ignorance and lack of expertise approximately this ailment is the foundation purpose of extensive unfold of this disorder.